Low-pressure fluid-heating system.



E. H. GOLD.

LOW PRESSURE FLUID HEATING SYSTEM. APPLIOATIoN FILED FBB.5,1906.

928,040, Patented July 13, 1909'.

' /llllllll/f/l/l//lIll/A gv @om @www E. H. GOLD. LOW PRESSURE FLUID HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION EILED EEB.5, 1906.

Patented July 13, 1909.

mums-SHEET z.

E. H. GOLD. LOW PRESSURE FLUID HEATING SYSTEM.l

APPLIUATION FILED FEB.5,1906,

4 SHEETS-SHEB'I 3 @fa X071 Patented July 13 VAPPLIJATIOLN' FILED I'BVB. 5,\1906.\

Patented July 13, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

neBnarH. Goth, or oHIoAeo, ILLINOIS.

LOW-PRESSUREFLUID-HETING SYSTEM.

- specification of Lettelsratntj l p Patenten; Jury 131909.

Application filed `February 5, 1906. ySerial fio. 299,529.

To all whom 'it may concern: .l l.

Be it known that I, EGBERT H. GOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cl1icago,in'the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Low-'Pressure Fluid Heating Systems, of which the following is ,device which are automatic.

a. specilication;

This inventionrelates to improvements 1n -low-pressure Huid-heating systems', and has special reference to a heating system wherein tluid is received at a high pressure and'mainltained by suitable automaticallyloperating means at a predetermined lower pressure after being admitted tothe radiating pipes.

Such a fluid-heating system is particularly adapted to car-heating, wherein the heating fluidis steam supplied at a variable high pressure from the locomotive boiler and distributed to the various cars along the trainl at such high pressure.

A principal object ot' the present invention is to provide means whereby the radiating pipes of a car may be divided'into two or. more heating systems, one or more of which may be shutoltL without alt'ccting the other` syst-ems. Heretotore this result has been accomplished by duplicating the automatically-operating supply cont-rolling' means so as to have one such controlling device for each section or system of the radiating pipes.

By the use of. the invention hereinatter disclosed and ointed out in the claims, I am enabled to divide the radiating pipes of a car into independent sections or systems, each of which maybe shut off or turned on independently of the others, and to have the pressure in the pipes of these various systems, and the amount of steam passing into and through `each of said systems, governed by *one and the same controlling device for the whole cai; Several advantages accrue'from a system /in which `this is possible, among which may be mentioned the obviating of the necessity of multiplying certain parts of the Another advantage that may be mentioned isdecreased cost ot' installation.

roadly considered, the present inventionv contemplates the provision of fa thermostatically operated controlling device adapted to rcceivesteam at a high pressure from the train pipe and `to deliver the same at a reduced pressure, anda plurality of sets vof steam conduits some or all of which constij ator,` or it may be simply a controlling circuit or loop without possessing arlyefective heating function. ln the `lattercase, its ollice willV be to provide means independent of the radiating-coils, which latter may'discharge to the atmosphere at a Apoint remote'trom the controlling thermostat, for conducting steam from the low pressure side of the inlet-valve tothe thermostat; and in such case a valve will be provided in said loop for regulating the flow through the same.

Obviously although the free outletfrom the apparatus will ordinarily discharge di'- rectly to the atmosphere, the only important point is that it shall discharge to a zonev in which the pressure is-lower than thex pressure in theradiator. For convenience, l have in the claims referred to such zone as the at 'mosphere, and it shouldbe understood that any zone in which the pressure is notl higher 'than the pressure inthe radiator is `considered as equivalent to the atmosphere Withinthe meaning-of 4the claims. i

Inv theaccompanying drawings: Figure 1 shows diagrammaticallythe arrangement of the parts of my improved fluid-heating system as installed in a passenger car. TAS' here shown the radiating Vpipes of' the car are divided `into two substantially. similarv sec.- tions, each arranged "along one side of the car. same looking toward Vthe "e'n'd oiithev car. Fig. 3 is a vertical, longitudinal, sectional view ofthe controlling 'device' used in` this s stem". Fig.`4is a cross-sectional view of t` 1e same on the line of Fig. 3 looking may be applied to compartmentcars. AThe drawing shows the radiatinV` i es arranged for four compartments.V 6 shows 'my invention applied to eating system in which ther'adiators hownto be'ot" unequal radiating sur-faces'. l 4 p y -In these figures, Laiidfrferring particularly to Fig. 1, A -istheftrain-pipe filled with steam vatihigh pressure. B is the thermostaticallyactuated controlling device adapted to receive the high-pressure steam from the Fig. 2 is'an"elevational-view of the train-pipe A. C and C are pipes leading.y

from the controlling device B and'v conductingv low-pressure` steam, one of saidpipes,

leading to each side ofthe car. D and =D vare manually-operated valves vfor shutting l oli' or admitting steam to theradiating pipesA F and F. E and E are valves vfor regulating the relative amounts of steam which' may pass to the radiating pipes F and F, as will be `more specifically explained below. After passing through the radiating pipe F the steam is permitted to ass to the atmos- .phere through the pipe this pipe` open- ,ing below ',thetloor of the car. The steam from the radiating .pipe F is conducted tliroudh the pipe G t0 the controlling device B'wh'ich contains thermostatically-operating yzo The particular controlling device B, shown- 'in detail' in the sectional views'Figs. 3 and 4,

aeA

comprises an outer casing 1, a pipe 2, leading downwardly therefrom, and a thermostat casing 3 at the lower end ofthe pipe 2.

llhevcasing .1 contains a highpressure chamber 4, a low-pressure chamber 5, and an outlet chamber G. Steam at high-pressure from -tlie'traimpipe is admitted Vto the high-pressure chamber 4 fromthe train-pipe A. .The

vwaive 7. is adapted to regulatethe iow of ysteam from Ithe high-pressure chamber 4 to the low-pressure chamber ,This valve 7 y is carried at the lower end of the'plunger 8.

1 tile liquid such Vas alcohol.

AW'ithin the low-pressure chamber 5, and extending into the outlet chamber 6, is a rock- "ing-shaft 9'. e This rocking-shaft 9 carriesv upon one of its ends an arm l0 working 1n the low-pressure chamber 5 and engaging the plunger 8, and u )on its opposite end an arm ,11' working in tile outlet chamber (l. Extending vertically through the pipe 2 is a rlod 1Q, the upper end of whichengages the arm 11, its lower end engaging a thermostat 13, This thermostat may conveniently consist of an expansible box'containing a vola- The screw 14 serves as means-for raisingand lowering the thermostat 13 and rod 1Q, whereby the deviceis adjusted. Of 4course other controlling devices may be used.

'The operation ot' a tluid-heating system when constructed and installed as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, .will be as follows: Steam at high-pressure from the train-pipe A. is admitted to the high-pressure chamber 4 of :the-controlling devlce B. Suppose, now, the valves D and. D beopen. The valve 7 will be forced open' or lwill beopen by reason of the weight of thel rod 12, and steam will flow into the low-pressurechamber 5, thence through the pipes C and Cand 'valves D, D', 'E and E to the radiating pipes F and vF. Steam from the radiating pipe F will fflow back through the pipe Gto the control'- steam conducted ling deviceB and will enter'theithermostat casing 3, inding its wa to the atmosphere through the bottom ot thiscasing., The thermostat 13 will be expanded by the heat carried by this steam, the rod 12 and arm 11 will be raised, the rocking-shaft 9 will be' rotated, causing .the arm 10 to thrust the spindle S and lvalve 7 down,throttling the steam and shutting oil' the fiow of the same. -When the temperature of the vapor' surrounding the thermostat 13 has fallen suliiciently to eau'sethe thermostat 13 to c'ontract, the valve? will open and permit steam to vflow into the low-pressure chamber 5. In

practice the device will shortly adjust itself so as to permit the constant flow of a small amount of steam into the chamber 5. This so f .steam will circulate throughout the pipe C,

the valves D and E, radiating pipes Fand outlet-pipe G bach to the controlling device and will keep the thermostat sufficiently ex-` Vpanded to so throttle theikvalve 7' that the intiowing steam Wilhjust compensate for'the condensation which takes placebetween the valve 7 and thethermostat 18; The 'steam which is admitted to the radiating pi es F will nd 'its way through the pipey di-y rectly to the atmosphere.

. In practice the valves E andE will .be adjusted so as to permit such' relative amounts of steamto pass through each of these vvalves that. the two sides or halves ofv the system will balance each other. After the proper adjustment has been found it will not be' necessary to change their adj ust-ment. By reason of the fact that the radiating pipe F lhas a more direct connection with the atmosphere through the pipe G than has the radiating pipe F through the pipe Gr and.

thermostat chamber 3, it will be found that the valve E should be set so as to give `a more restrietedpassage therethrough for the steam.

Suppose, now, the-'valve 1) he closed.. Steam will be shut otli, the radiating .pipe

F will cool and the water of condensation from this radiating pipe willtind its way by gravity out through the pipe'G and will drip from the end of the latter below the ioor of the car. The valve D being still open, steam lwill-pass therethrough to the radiating pipe F andl 'will find its way through the same and the pipe Gr to thethermostat casing 3 yof the 4controlling device B, and condensed water` will issue from the `bottom of.. the same as hereinbefore pointed out. lf, now, the valve Dvbe also closed,

steam will bei shut otiU from the Iradiating pipe'F, this pipe will cool, the steam will condense therein, and the water of condensa- Ytion resulting therefrom will drip from the lbottom of the thermostat casing 8. It will fbe seen that whether one or both sides of the system are shut otf,`the system-.will be Y,kept drained and the accuz'nulation and conv- `especially desirable in a car containing compartments. In such a car it is often desired to shut ofl1 steam from one or moreof the compartments without shutting it off from the pipes of the other compartments.A In this View a is `the trainpipe. b is the con-` trolling device which receives the steam at high pressure from the train-pi'pea. .c is a pipe leading from the'low-pressure chamber of the controlling device ZJ' to one side vice b, the pipe .e

of the car. AIn this pipe lis-a valve c for shutting off or admitting steam to all of the" radiating pipes at the same time. This pipe c branches into the pipes al, e, f, and g, each of these pipes leadingto a manually-operated valve, 71 z', j, and le respectively. A

short pipe 'connects each of these valves with a regulating valve,` these regulating valves being designated l, m, fn and 0 respectively. The radiating pipe y) is open to the atmosphere through the pipe Q, which opens below the floor of the car. The radiating pipes r, gland t are likewise open to the atmosphere vthrough the pipes u, v and w. EX- tending upwardly from the regulating de-` vice b is a short loop consisting of the pipes az, y, and s. The pipe n2A takes steam from the low-pressure side of the controlling deleading trolling device and entering the thermostat casing 3. In the pipe y, is a regulating valve y', similar to the valves, m, n, and o, for reducing and regulating thel flow of steam through the loop.

In practice the valve y will be set to give a ver)` restricted opening for the passage of steam therethrough, while the valves Z, m, n, and o, will be set to permit the flow of relatively largeamounts of steam, each ofsaid valves heilig preferably set to provide different sized inlet passages in accordance'with the length of the respective radiating pipes to be supplied therethrough or in accordance with the other requirements peculiar to the respective radiating pipes. Vith the valves c', '/z.. i, j, and le, open, and the valves y', Z,

lm., a, and o properly adjusted, there will be a. constant slight tlow ot' steam into each of the radiating pipes y, r, s and 2, and the condensation from all of these pipes will find its way directly to the atmosphere below the floor of the car. The steam from the loop consisting of the pipes 0c, y, ande, will, however. be conducted haelt to the controlling device 7:, and will enter the thermostat chamber 3. As the valve y is set to provide a ,f rreatlusv vrestricted .passage for the back to the con# steam, a very small amount of steam will find its way through the loop, but as this loop is very short and .consequently there is but little cooling of the steam passing therethrough, this small amount ofsteam is sittlitemperature in the loop. begins to fall, the

thermostat 13 will begin to contract, the valve 7 will begin to open and steam will be admitted to all of the radiating pipes.

It'will be seen that a fluid-heating system constructed to embody the present invention -permits of admitting fluid through a controlling device to a .plurality of pipe systems, some of which are radiating pipes and at least one of which forms a loop or master circuit having both of its ends in communication withthe controlling device,

utilizing the therinostatic condition of the loop.` to. control the admission of steam to all of the systems, and adjusting the size of the inlet ports to each of the circuits with such relation-to the master circuit that the heat ing medium will substantially lill each of the quire radiators of different capacities in different parts of the` car.

I do not claim in the present application, specifically, the particular arrangements shown in Figs. 5 and 6,as these arrangements in the features by which they are distinguished `from the arrangements of the first four figures are made the subject of a divisional apl'ilication.` Serial No. 488,301 filed November 14, 1908. In` the present application I lay claim to the invention common to all of the iigures and the inventions specific to the first four figures.

lrlaini:

1. A. heating system comprising aplurality of radiating systems, acommon supply pipe leading to said radiating systems. then mestatically-operated means for` controlling the inflow of a heating medium to said suppllvpipe. the return end ofion'e` of said radi ating systems connuunicatingwith the thermostatic member of said i thermostatically A'systems of pipes, ofa valve for controlling,

operated means, and means foradjusting tlietlow of the heating medium to each of said radiating systems respectively whereby each 'of said systems may be continuously andV automatically supplied with the required volume of the heating medium. l

2. The combination 4Witha plurality of the ilow of liuidto said systems, a thermostat adapted to operate said valve, one-of said systems having means for conducting steam theiefroin htothe thermostat, and one ornioieof said systems having 'outletsdirectly'to the atmosphere.-

rl'lie combination with a system'oi1 radiating pipes, of l a therniostatically controlled device which receives and regulates the iioiv of fluid to said system, anda-'conduit having oiie end in communication' With said device so as to receive Huid therefrom and the other end vcommunicating Withthe tlieriiiostaticelements of said device and being provided ivitli an outlet, said conduit attordiiiga circuit for tli'e'iiuidl other than that given by 'the-aforesaidsystem of radiating pipes,said controlling device being adapted to b e iniiuen'ced by the thermostatic condition .of said conduit, whereby-the flow of fluid tosaid) system is controlled by thermostatic conditions in said conduit."

fl. The combination with 'a system of radiating pipes, Iof a valve forregulating the fiow of iuid into said system, a valve chamber iii which said valve' is located, a theriiiostat adaptedto operate said valve, and a 'fluid conduit independent of said system of radiating pipes leading from Asaid valve A chamber into proximity" to` said, thermostat, whereby the inflow of steam to said system of radiating pipes is iniiu'enced by thc theriiiostatic conditionof fluid Witliiii'said conduit, said conduit\being provided'with an outlet vseparate from the inlet-to' said conduit. j'

. The` combination with ak plurality of radiating systems, of a source,ot'high-pressure steam supply, a thei'inostatically-actuated` controlling device adaptedto'regulate the passage ot steam to said 7radiating systems, means for conducting steam figbin one of said systems back to the theiinostatic element of said controlling device, the others atmosphere.

6. The combination With a source of highpressure steamsupply, of apluralityof radiating systems, a controlling device comprising a thermostatic vinen'iberV adapted to regulate the floiv of steam tosaid radiating systems, oneI 'or more of said radiating systems having. a constantly open outlet to the atn'iosphere, one" of said radiating Isystems having inoutlct which discharges into proximity with the-thermostatic member of the controlling device, said controlling device 'from said thcrniostatic member;

directly open to the being-actuated by the tlieriiiostatic condition of the steam from said radiating system. y

7. The combination "vvithfafsource of steamsup sly, .of a thein'iostatical'ly-actuated control ing device, a plurality of systems of pipes,son`ie of which are` radiating pipes, ra.

plurality ofpipes( each adapted to conduct steam from the 'controlling device to onev off the systems of pipes,"aiid means vassociated with one of said' whereby the flovvA of" Huid to its system otpijpes maybe adjusted, one of said 'systemsv of-pipes'liaving an outvlet communicating v'with v the` thermostatic member of the'coiit-rollingdevice and one or 'more of said systems of pipes. opening disupply and said radiators which isjactu'ated in accordance with. therniostatic conditions at the discharge endot-v one ot said radiators, a

each of saidvradiato'rs being provided near itsiiilet end with an adjustable controllingl val-ve 'Whichmay beset in accordaiicewith the amount of steam' 'requirediii said radiator, whereby the flow, ot tlieheating medium to said radiators may be so-equalized that heating medium at the reduced pressure.

9,.'ln'a heating systeni the combination lwith a source lot' supply of heating iluidat h igli pressure, of a plurality of radiators, a single Acontrolling device. to control the itlowv ot iiuid to said` 4radiators comprising a therniostatic member, anda discharge pipe from one ot said radiators ttifthe thermostatic member of said"controll1ng. device, ,another of said riuliatorsliaving a discharge remote l0. In a heating lsystem the combination with a source o f-supply of heating Aiuid at' high pressure, of aradiator,I auvalve to coii-z trol 'the'fl'ow from. thev sourcef-.offsupply'to the radiator, afthcrmostatic member to .o crate said rva lve,a'nd'a' conduit whichlea's' from the low Vpressure side of said'inlet valve into proximityivitli said thermostatic meinduit. i

l1. In a heat-ing system the combination ivith a source of supply oflieatiiig Huid at high pressure,- of 'a radiator', -a valve vto control the flow from-'the source of' supply to the radiator, a thermostatic member to op- .crate said valvc,a conduit which ,leads from the-supply pipe to the radiator on the loiv pressure side of' said inlet valve into proxunity .ivitli said tlieimostatic member, and a valve in'v said'condu'it.

A112. In a heating system the combination with a source of .supply'of heatingtluid'at i 95 each of said radiators may be lilled with the 1,115 said conduit ybeing providedwithvan outlet separate from the inlet` to `said conhigh pressure, of a radiator, a valve to control the flow the radiator,' a thermostatic member to operate said Valve, a conduit which leads from 3 the 10W pressure side of said inlet valve into proximity with said thermostatic. member, and u Valve 1n said conduit, the aforesaid from the source of supply to mentioned radiator discharging toy the atmosphere at u point remote from said ther-4 H. L. PEoK, FRANCIS J.F0L1 Y. 

